Forest and land fires in Indonesia

Public record

• Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014
  amended by Singapore's parliament on 4 Nov 2026: offences made arrestable, fines for non-compliant companies raised tenfold, trials in absentia allowed (since Nov 2026) · Arab News (AFP): Singapore toughens haze law with arrest powers, bigger fines (Nov 2026)
• Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014
  Singapore law passed in Aug 2014 letting authorities pursue individuals or companies abroad whose burning causes severe haze in Singapore (since Aug 2014) · The Jakarta Post: Singapore passes trans-boundary haze act (Aug 2014)
• ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
  regional treaty on haze from land and forest fires; ratified by all ASEAN members once Indonesia deposited its instrument, 20 Jan 2015 (since 2002) · Singapore MFA ASEAN: Indonesia deposits instrument of ratification of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (Jan 2015)
• National Peat and Mangrove Management Agency
  new national peat and mangrove management body; leaders inaugurated Oct 2026, head Satyawan Pudyatmoko (since Oct 2026) · Mongabay Indonesia: Badan gambut dan perombakan BNPB, bakal benahi penanganan karhutla? (Oct 2026)
• Peat and Mangrove Restoration Agency
  peat restoration agency under Presidential Regulation 120/2020; dissolved by a State Secretary letter in Apr 2025, tasks moved to three ministries (2020 to Apr 2025) · Mongabay Indonesia: BRGM bubar, restorasi gambut dan mangrove makin gelap (May 2025)
• National Disaster Management Agency
  national disaster agency in the fire emergency response; head replaced by Lt. Gen. Kristomei Sianturi in Oct 2026 · Mongabay Indonesia: Badan gambut dan perombakan BNPB, bakal benahi penanganan karhutla? (Oct 2026)
• Ministry of Environment and Forestry
  SiPongi data recorded about 1.16 million ha burned in 2023, most in South Kalimantan (190,394.58 ha) (since 2023) · Kompas: Laporan PBB: Karhutla Indonesia capai 1,16 juta hektare, Kalsel terparah (Oct 2024)
• Ministry of Environment and Forestry
  recorded about 2.6 million ha of forest and land burned in 2015 (since 2015) · Antara: KLHK: Jumlah titik panas dan luas karhutla terus menurun (Oct 2022)
• Ministry of Forestry
  reported 376,805 ha burned in 2024 (since 2024) · IDX Channel: Ancaman karhutla 2025 dinyatakan selesai, jumlah luas area terbakar diklaim turun (Oct 2025)
• Ministry of Forestry
  runs the SiPongi fire monitoring system; recorded 202,004.30 ha burned from January to July 2026, 69% more than a year earlier (since Oct 2024) · Kompas: Luas karhutla 2026 melonjak, perbaikan tata kelola lahan dan gambut jadi sorotan (Oct 2026)
• Ministry of Environment
  reported about 85,000 ha of company concessions burned in Sumatra and Kalimantan in 2026 and about 335 concession holders with fire indications (Aug 2026) (since 2026) · Katadata: Kebakaran hutan hanguskan 85.000 hektare lahan, 335 perusahaan masuk radar KLH (Aug 2026)
• Ministry of Environment
  enforces environmental law on fires by sealing concessions; sealed 57 business entities in Sumatra and Kalimantan, about 95% of the burned sites oil palm, by Sep 2026 (since Oct 2024) · Katadata: KLH segel 57 entitas usaha imbas karhutla, didominasi perkebunan kelapa sawit (Sep 2026)
• Ministry of Environment and Forestry
  sued 22 companies over forest and land fires from 2015 to 2023; 14 verdicts final with a combined value of Rp5.60 trillion (Aug 2023) (until Oct 2024) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Sinar Karya Mandiri
  sealed by the Ministry of Environment over fires in its Ketapang, West Kalimantan concession, Aug 2026 (since 2026) · Katadata: KLH segel cucu usaha Gozco dan periksa lebih dari 40 perusahaan terkait karhutla (Aug 2026)
• PT Bintang Harapan Palma
  concession area sealed by the Ministry of Environment after fires at two sites totalling about 457.85 ha, inspected 11 to 15 Aug 2026 (since 2026) · Katadata: Kebakaran hutan hanguskan 85.000 hektare lahan, 335 perusahaan masuk radar KLH (Aug 2026)
• PT Dyera Hutan Lestari
  industrial timber plantation permit revoked by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over land fires, Oct 2015 (since 2015) · Mongabay Indonesia: Lahan terbakar, 10 perusahaan kena sanksi, dua izin HTI dicabut (Oct 2015)
• PT Mega Alam Sentosa
  industrial timber plantation permit revoked by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over land fires, Oct 2015 (since 2015) · Mongabay Indonesia: Lahan terbakar, 10 perusahaan kena sanksi, dua izin HTI dicabut (Oct 2015)
• PT Tempirai Palm Resources
  plantation permit frozen by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over land fires, Sep 2015 (since 2015) · Mongabay Indonesia: Satu HPH dicabut, tiga izin kebun sawit dibekukan (Sep 2015)
• PT Langgam Inti Hibrindo
  plantation permit frozen by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over land fires, Sep 2015 (since 2015) · Mongabay Indonesia: Satu HPH dicabut, tiga izin kebun sawit dibekukan (Sep 2015)
• PT Hutani Sola Lestari
  forest concession permit revoked by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over land fires, Sep 2015 (since 2015) · Mongabay Indonesia: Satu HPH dicabut, tiga izin kebun sawit dibekukan (Sep 2015)
• PT Hermes Sugar Indonesia
  ordered to pay Rp266.9 billion in ecological losses over 2023 fires in Kotawaringin Timur; North Jakarta District Court Aug 2025, upheld by the Jakarta High Court Oct 2025; finality not confirmed (since 2025) · Dandapala (Badilum MA): PT Jakarta kuatkan hukuman ganti rugi Rp266 miliar gegara kebakaran hutan (Oct 2025)
• PT Putra Lirik Domas
  ordered to pay Rp199.5 billion over fires in its concession; upheld by the Jakarta High Court, 2022; finality not confirmed (since 2022) · Mongabay: Indonesian oil palm firm slapped with $61m fine for fires on its plantation (Aug 2023)
• PT Pranaindah Gemilang
  ordered to pay Rp238.6 billion over fires in its concession; upheld by the Jakarta High Court, 2022; finality not confirmed (since 2022) · Mongabay: Indonesian oil palm firm slapped with $61m fine for fires on its plantation (Aug 2023)
• PT Adei Plantation and Industry
  land in Riau sealed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over fires, Sep 2019 (since 2019) · Malay Mail: Indonesia seals off Malaysian-owned plantation for open burning amid haze row (Sep 2019)
• PT Adei Plantation and Industry
  fined Rp1.5 billion and ordered to pay Rp15.1 billion for environmental restoration by the Pelalawan District Court over 2013 fires; its general manager jailed one year (first instance, Sep 2014) (since 2014) · The Star: Riau court jails and fines Malaysian plantation manager over forest fires (Sep 2014)
• PT Rafi Kamajaya Abadi
  plantation named by the Environment and Forestry Minister among those sealed over fires, Sep 2019 (since 2019) · Malay Mail: Indonesia seals off Malaysian-owned plantation for open burning amid haze row (Sep 2019)
• PT Rafi Kamajaya Abadi
  ordered to pay Rp920 billion, including Rp731bn restoration, over fires on 2,560 ha of its Melawi, West Kalimantan concession; Supreme Court rejected its appeal, Jul 2023 (since 2023) · The Jakarta Post: Supreme Court fines company Rp 920 billion over West Kalimantan forest fires (Jul 2023)
• PT Palmina Utama
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp22.29 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Kumai Sentosa
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp175.18 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Kaswari Unggul
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp25.61 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Kalimantan Lestari Mandiri
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp299.95 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Arjuna Utama Sawit
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp342.97 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Rambang Agro Jaya
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp199.56 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Agro Tumbuh Gemilang Abadi
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp590.54 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Surya Panen Subur
  ordered by the courts to pay Rp439.01 billion in a ministry lawsuit over forest and land fires; verdict final, per the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (Aug 2023) · Antara: KLHK gugat 22 perusahaan penyebab kebakaran hutan dan lahan (Aug 2023)
• PT Waimusi Agroindah
  ordered by a court in 2016 to pay Rp29.6 billion over fires; paying in installments as of 2023 (since 2016) · Mongabay: Burn now, pay later: Fines trickle in from Indonesia's crackdown on forest fires (Nov 2023)
• PT Ricky Kurniawan Kertapersada
  ordered by the Jambi High Court to pay about Rp191.8 billion over a 2015 fire on 591 ha in Muaro Jambi (No. 65/Pdt.LH/2017/PT.JMB, 2017) (since 2017) · Mongabay Indonesia: Perusahaan sawit kena denda ajukan pailit, KLHK melawan (Feb 2024)
• PT Jatim Jaya Perkasa
  ordered to pay Rp491 billion (Rp119.8bn compensation, Rp371.1bn restoration) over a 2013 fire of about 1,000 ha in Riau; upheld by the Supreme Court, 2020 (since 2020) · Mongabay: How Indonesian companies dodge fines for forest and peatland fires (Aug 2025)
• PT Waringin Agro Jaya
  plantation permit frozen by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry over land fires, Sep 2015 (since 2015) · Mongabay Indonesia: Satu HPH dicabut, tiga izin kebun sawit dibekukan (Sep 2015)
• PT Waringin Agro Jaya
  ordered by the South Jakarta District Court to pay Rp466.5 billion in compensation and rehabilitation over a 1,626 ha fire in Ogan Komering Ilir (Feb 2017) (since 2017) · The Jakarta Post: Government wins in forest fire case (Feb 2017)
• PT Bumi Mekar Hijau
  ordered by the Palembang High Court to pay about Rp79 billion over fires in its South Sumatra concession, reversing a Dec 2015 district court acquittal (Aug 2016) (since 2016) · Mongabay: Another Indonesian court convicts a company of causing fires (Aug 2016)
• PT National Sago Prima
  ordered to pay about Rp1.07 trillion (Rp319bn compensation, Rp753bn restoration) over fires on 3,000 ha of its Kepulauan Meranti, Riau concession; Supreme Court cassation, Dec 2018 (since 2018) · Mongabay Indonesia: Mahkamah Agung menangkan Kementerian Lingkungan, PT NSP harus bayar Rp1 triliun (Jan 2019)
• PT Kallista Alam
  ordered to pay Rp366 billion (Rp114.3bn compensation, Rp251.7bn restoration) over burning about 1,000 ha in the Tripa forest, Aceh; Supreme Court rejected its appeal, final Aug 2015 (since 2015) · The Jakarta Post: Record fine against plantation company upheld (Sep 2015)